Prizes not sponsored by the Nobel Foundation The foundation has trademarked the term "Nobel Prize" and this designation cannot be legally used to refer to any prizes other than the five original Nobels. Several prizes in fields of study and achievement not covered by the original Nobel Prizes have been established by various entities. Some have been referred to as the "Nobel Prize of" that particular field, in the vast majority of cases without the approval of the Nobel Foundation. These prizes are generally the highest awards in their fields. For some fields, more than one prestigious prizes are listed below. 1: The Gauss Prize is awarded every four years to one mathematician on the occasion of the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM).John von Neumann Lecture Prize (1960).Mathematical sciences, physical sciences and applied sciences Applied mathematics The distinguished prizes not conferred by the Nobel Foundation include (with the year when a prize was first awarded in brackets): Some most important prizes in the world are presented in bold. 2: The Birkhoff Prize and the Wiener Prize are both awarded jointly by AMS and SIAM.It was awarded for the first time at the 2006 ICM, and so far only few mathematicians have received the medal. The recipient must be a member of one of the two societies. In 1967, these two prizes were established at the same time.
The initial contribution for the Birkhoff Prize came from the Birkhoff family and for the Wiener Prize from the Mathematics Department of the Massachusettes Institute of Technology. Each is to be awarded, every three years (initially every five years, which is why the two prizes were first awarded in 1968 and in 1970 respectively), for outstanding contributions to applied mathematics in the highest and broadest sense. In the early years, the Birkhoff Prize was awarded at an AMS meeting and the Wiener Prize at a SIAM meeting. Now they are usually awarded at joint mathematics meetings. 1: The Computer Pioneer Award recognizes significant contributions to concepts and developments in the electronic computer field which have clearly advanced the state of the art in computing.See also ICIAM Prizes (1999), William Benter Prize in Applied Mathematics (2010). The award focuses on the achievements of the concrete implementations which were made at least fifteen years earlier and have become major milestones in computer history.
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